Optical fiber hydrophone system is a complex sensing system, which mainly uses optical fiber sensing technology to realize the conversion, transmission and processing of underwater sound signals. As the core part of the system, the implementation process are crucial to the performance of the whole system. The components of optical fiber hydrophone mainly include wet end and dry end. The wet end, as the sensing end, consists of the optical fiber hydrophone sensor probe and the transmission optical cable used to transmit the optical signal. The sensor probe is the core component of fiber-optic hydrophones, which can receive underwater sound signals and convert them into optical signals. The dry end mainly includes the light source of optical fiber hydrophone, optical passive device, photoelectric conversion module and signal demodulation processing module. The light source is responsible for providing stable optical signals. The optical passive device is used to control the transmission and modulation of the optical signal. The photoelectric conversion module converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal, and the signal demodulation processing module demodulates and processes the electrical signals to extract useful sound information.

The research team at NASA's Armstrong Flight Research Center has made a breakthrough in developing a technology called a "fiber-optic sensing system."The core is to use the optical fiber as a sensing element to realize the real-time monitoring and data feedback of the structural strain, shape, temperature and other key parameters by capturing the physical characteristic changes when the optical waves are transmitted in the optical fiber. Optical fiber sensing system shows great potential in the field of aircraft research with its high sensitivity, strong anti-interference ability and excellent stability. It can accurately capture the tiny deformation and temperature fluctuations of the structure in a complex environment, providing rich and accurate data support for designers, and greatly improve the research accuracy and design efficiency. Its high-precision and long-distance sensing capabilities give it promising prospects in construction, Bridges, energy and other fields. With the continuous progress of technology, optical fiber optic sensing systems will play a key role in more fields to promote the technological innovation and development of related industries.